What Is It Called When You Apply Meaning to Art After It Is Created

The "London Heart" illuminated on
Majestic Nuptials day. An excellent
case of a "Big Wheel" existence
prettified and converted into a
work of fine art.

WHAT IS Art?
For an caption of the
aesthetic issues surrounding
artistic/applied arts, see:
Art Definition, Pregnant.

CRAFTS
For the definition, history
and types of handicrafts and
decorative arts, run into:
Crafts: History, Types.

Applied Art: Definition & Meaning

The term "applied art" refers to the awarding (and resulting product) of artistic pattern to utilitarian objects in everyday use. Whereas works of fine art take no role other than providing aesthetic or intellectual stimulation to the viewer, works of applied art are ordinarily functional objects which have been "prettified" or creatively designed with both aesthetics and function in mind. Applied art embraces a huge range of products and items, from a teapot or chair, to the walls and roof of a railway station or concert hall, a fountain pen or computer mouse.

What Does Applied Art Include?

For the sake of simplicity, works of applied art comprise two different types: standard machine-fabricated products which have had a particular design practical to them, to make them more attractive and easy-to-use; and individual, aesthetically pleasing but mostly functional, craft products made by artisans or skilled workers. Artistic disciplines that are classified as practical arts, include industrial design, manner design, interior design, and graphic fine art and design (including reckoner graphics), equally well every bit most types of decorative art (eg. furniture, carpets, tapestry, embroidery, batik, jewellery, precious metalwork, pottery, goldsmithing, basketry, mosaic art, and glassware). Illuminated manuscripts and later book illustration are also classified equally applied arts. Architecture, too is best viewed as an applied art. (See also: Types of Art.)

DECORATIVE ARTS IRELAND
For Irish artistic practitioners,
run across: Visual Artists Ireland.
For the leading Irish decorative
arts trunk, please see:
Crafts Council of Ireland.
For an active artist group, run across:
West Cork Craft Blueprint Guild.

History of Applied Fine art

Architecture

The first applied art to be practised in a major way was architecture. From the Egyptian Pyramids, the Ziggurats of Sumer and the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, to the precisely organized proportions of Greek temples and the indelible engineering science quality of Roman viaducts and bridges, architects combine aesthetics with mathematics to design a functional but pleasing structure. Since then, the demands of the modern world have included housing and commercial projects, notably high-ascension buildings and skyscrapers. For details, see: Skyscraper Architecture (1850-present).

During this development, architectural styles have been influenced past numerous schools and movements, including: Romanesque (c.775-1050), Gothic (c.1150-1280), International Gothic (c.1300-1500), Renaissance (c.1400-1530), Mannerism (c.1530-1600), Baroque (c.1600-1700), Rococo (c.1700-l), Neoclassicism (c.1750-1815), Greek and Gothic Revival (c.1800-1900), Neo-Renaissance and Neo-Romanesque Revival (1849-1880), the Second Empire style (1850-80), Chicago School of architecture (1880-1910), Art Nouveau (c.1895-1915), Early on Modernism (1900-25), Continental Avant-garde (1900-25), Bauhaus Blueprint Schoolhouse (1919-33), Art Deco (1925-40)Totalitarian Architecture (Germany, USSR, 1928-1940), the utopian urban building designs of Le Corbusier (1887-1965), 2nd Chicago School (1940-70), International Manner of modernism (1945-1970), High Tech Corporate Design (1945-2000), Deconstructivism (1980-2000), and Blobitecture (1990-2000).

Commercial Pattern

Aside from compages, practical fine art received its biggest boost from the growth in commerce during the 19th century, following the Industrial Revolution. Suddenly, competitive manufacturers and service providers needed to ensure that their products and services "looked practiced" equally well as functioned properly. This demand for improved aesthetics led to the institution of numerous pattern schools and courses, from which a new generation of industrial designers emerged. Later, as the range of products multiplied, and new press techniques appeared, they were joined past way designers, graphic designers and well-nigh recently computer graphics designers.

Decorative Arts

In addition to architecture and design, practical art also includes decorative arts. Early examples include Chinese pottery (from 18,000 BCE), Jomon style Japanese pottery (from xiv,500 BCE), as well as jade carving (from 4900 BCE), lacquerware (from 4500 BCE) and Chinese porcelain (c.100 BCE onwards). Enamelwork is exemplified by Celtic Metalwork fine art such every bit the silver "Gundestrup Cauldron" (c.100 BCE), the bronze "Petrie Crown" (100 BCE - 200 CE), and the gold "Broighter Collar/Torc" (1st century BCE), also as later religious metalwork like the Ardagh Chalice (8th/9th century CE), and the Derrynaflan Chalice. Tapestry (see for case the Bayeux Tapestry) and stained glass were outset developed during the Romanesque and Gothic period, while interior design, fine-article of furniture, textiles, glassware and other objets d'art reached new heights during the Rococo period (18th century) at the French court at the Palace of Versailles. For more virtually the mini-renaissance of applied fine art during the Louis Quatorze (XIV), Regency, Louis Quinze (Fifteen), and Louis Seize (XVI) periods, run into:

- French Decorative Arts (c.1640-1792)
- French Designers (c.1640-1792)
- French Furniture (c.1640-1792).

During the last decade of the 19th century the decorative strain of practical art was re-invigorated by William Morris and the Arts and Crafts Motility, the Celtic Fine art Revival Movement, the Belgian artists group known as Les Vingt, the international Art Nouveau Style (c.1895-1915), exquisite Fabergé Easter Eggs (c.1885-1917), the Bauhaus Design School in Germany (1919-33) and Art Deco (c.1925-xl). One of the main applications for decorative pattern work was theatrical sets and costumes, such as those designed by Leon Bakst (1866-1924) and Alexander Benois (1870-1960) for the Ballets Russes. Some other application was affiche art, which became loftier fashion during La Belle Epoque in France. Pinnacle poster designers included the lithographer Jules Cheret (1836-1932), the Post-Impressionist Toulouse-Lautrec (1864-1901), and the Czech Alfonse Mucha (1860-1939). Other figures in the history of poster art, include Aubrey Beardsley (1872-98), the "Beggarstaff Brothers", Theophile Steinlen (1859-1923), Eugene Grasset (1845-1917), Albert Guillaume (1873-1942), Pierre Bonnard (1867-1947), Edouard Vuillard (1868-1940), the Italian functionalist Leonetto Cappiello (1875-1942), Ludwig Hohlwein, Lucian Bernhard, Herbert Matter, Fernand Leger, Amedee Ozenfant, the French-Ukrainian Adolphe Mouron Cassandre, William Bradley and Edward Penfield.

See also: Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A).

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Source: http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/definitions/applied-art.htm

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